The Behavior of Organisms An Experimental Analysis B F Skinner
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With the publication of his first book, The Behavior of Organisms (1938), B. F. Skinner launched a new science based on selection by consequences as the mechanism through which behavior changes during the lifetime of the individual. The book summarizes nearly ten years of research, spanning the years of Skinner’s graduate school days at Harvard through his three years as a member of the Society of Fellows. In the book, Skinner defines his basic unit of behavior, which he named the operant, proposes rate as the basic datum, and describes his research program–to identify the variables of which behavior is a function.
After publication of The Behavior of Organisms, Skinner continued research and writing at the University of Minnesota and at Indiana University before returning in 1948 to Harvard. He extended his scientific analysis to the design of cultures in Walden Two (1948), to verbal behavior (Verbal Behavior, 1957), and to the field of education (The Technology of Teaching, 1968). In 1971 Skinner published a best seller, Beyond Freedom and Dignity, addressing the implications of behavioral science for traditional notions of control. These endeavors, and many other articles and books, had their origins in The Behavior of Organisms which opened up a new frontier in the understanding of behavior.
Foreword for e-book edition by W. H. Morse.
The Behavior of Organisms An Experimental Analysis B F Skinner
Classic, must read psychology and behavior analytic literature. The inaugural document of Applied Behavior Analysis.Product details
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The Behavior of Organisms An Experimental Analysis B F Skinner Reviews
I found this book quite cumbersome. It was very difficult to follow. The book dealt with the exact data and procedures but did not really do a good job of interpretation.
Burrhus Frederic Skinner (1904-1990) was an American psychologist, social philosopher,and author. He was a Professor of Psychology at Harvard University from 1958 until his retirement in 1974, and perhaps the most influential behaviorist of the 20th century. His most famous books are Verbal Behavior,Beyond Freedom & Dignity and Walden Two.
"Behavior of Organisms" (1938) was his first book. Here are some representative quotations from the book
"While the present system presupposes the lawfulness of behavior and recognizes the role of the environment, it does not necessarily appeal to the environment as a driving force. The function of a stimulus in establishing a discrimination, for example, has nothing of the character of a goad." (Chap. 6)
"The concept of 'volition,' in its historical opposition to the 'involuntary' reflex, rests largely upon the 'spontaneous' strength to be accounted for through operations falling within the field of drive. In gaining control of these additional variables we are able to extend the term reflex (in its implications of predictability) to behavior in general." (Chap. 9)
"Why should a certain part of the reactions of an organism be set aside in a special class? Why should we classify weeping in response to a bruised shin as emotional but weeping in response to a cinder in the eye as not? Most persons readily and consistently separate many of the responses of an organism into these groups but with what justification?" (Chap. 11)
"The book represents nothing more than an experimental analysis of a representative sample of behavior. Let him extrapolate who will. Whether or not extrapolation is justified cannot at the present time be decided. It is possible that there are properties of human behavior which will require a different kind of treatment. But this can be ascertained only by closing in on the problem in an orderly way and by following the customary procedures of an experimental science." (Chap. 13)
"If, nevertheless, the author of a book of this sort is expected to hazard a guess publicly, I may say that the only differences I expect to see revealed between the behavior of rat and man (aside from enormous differences of complexity) lie in the field of verbal behavior." (Chap. 13)
Like always B. F. Skinner one of the best scientist
I love it too much.
This book The Behavior of Organism (B. F. Skinner) is a classical book of psychological science .
Excellent Book
Classic, must read psychology and behavior analytic literature. The inaugural document of Applied Behavior Analysis.
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